{"id":17518,"date":"2020-11-10T06:07:33","date_gmt":"2020-11-10T06:07:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/transfergo.wpengine.com\/ataturkun-tarihe-gecen-10-basarisi"},"modified":"2024-12-06T14:47:20","modified_gmt":"2024-12-06T14:47:20","slug":"ataturkun-tarihe-gecen-10-basarisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpvip.tgalpha.com\/tr\/ataturkun-tarihe-gecen-10-basarisi","title":{"rendered":"Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Tarihe Ge\u00e7en 10 Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Takvimler ne zaman 10 Kas\u0131m\u2018\u0131 g\u00f6sterse, i\u00e7imizi tarif etmesi zor bir h\u00fcz\u00fcn ve minnet sarar. 82 y\u0131l \u00f6nce bug\u00fcn, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ulu \u00f6nderi Atat\u00fcrk hayata g\u00f6zlerini yumdu. Bu 10 Kas\u0131m\u2019da da her y\u0131l oldu\u011fu gibi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk\u2018\u00fc sayg\u0131 ve minnetle an\u0131yoruz.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Bug\u00fcn g\u00fcnlerden Atat\u00fcrk. Her 10 Kas\u0131m\u2019da ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z h\u00fczn\u00fcn yan\u0131nda, ona olan sayg\u0131m\u0131z ve minnettimiz katlanarak art\u0131yor. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, Atat\u00fcrk\u2018\u00fcn \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc ve ileri g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn eserleri olan ve T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin kaderini de\u011fi\u015ftiren tarihi 10 ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><br><h4>TBMM\u2018nin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h4><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn en b\u00fcy\u00fck gayesi, T\u00fcrk milletinin kendi kaderini, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u015fekilde kendisinin belirleyebilmesiydi. Bu sebeple, 23 Nisan 1920\u2019de T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi\u2019ni kurarak, T\u00fcrk milletinin devlet kararlar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zca alabilmesine \u00f6nayak oldu. TBMM&#8217;nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yasalar \u201cEgemenlik kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z milletindir\u201d temel ilkesinden hareketle ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><br><h4>Saltanat\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h4><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Egemenli\u011fin T\u00fcrk ulusuna ait oldu\u011fu ise meclisin 20 Ocak 1921&#8217;de kabul etti\u011fi bir yasa ile ilan edildi. Buna ra\u011fmen saltanat h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kendini hala T\u00fcrk ulusunun temsilcisi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn \u00f6nderli\u011finde meclis 1 Kas\u0131m 1922&#8217;de ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararla saltanat\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><br><h4>Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilan\u0131<\/h4><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/wpvip.tgalpha.com\/tr\/cocuklugumuzun-cumhuriyet-bayrami-siirleri\/\">Cumhuriyet<\/a>in ilan\u0131, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi teklifinin, 29 Ekim 1923\u2019teki meclis oturumunda milletvekillerin kabul etmesiyle oldu. Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 makam\u0131 olu\u015fturuldu ve meclis h\u00fck\u00fcmeti sisteminden vazge\u00e7ilerek parlamenter sisteme ge\u00e7ildi. B\u00f6ylelikle devletin y\u00f6netim bi\u00e7imi hukuki olarak anayasa ile korunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><br><h4>Kad\u0131nlara se\u00e7me ve se\u00e7ilme hakk\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131<\/h4><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Atat\u00fcrk, kad\u0131nlara \u00e7ok say\u0131da Avrupa \u00fclkesinden daha \u00f6nce bu demokratik hakk\u0131n verilmesini sa\u011flad\u0131. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n milletvekili se\u00e7me ve se\u00e7ilme haklar\u0131, 5 Aral\u0131k 1934\u2019te Anayasa ve Se\u00e7im Kanunu\u2019nda yap\u0131lan yasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile tan\u0131nd\u0131. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ilk kez oy kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve aday olabildi\u011fi TBMM se\u00e7imleri 8 \u015eubat 1935\u2019te yap\u0131ld\u0131. 17 kad\u0131n milletvekili ilk kez TBMM\u2019ye girdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><br><h4>Laikli\u011fin anayasaya girmesi<\/h4><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Atat\u00fcrk\u2018\u00fcn e\u015fitlik\u00e7i ve adalet\u00e7i yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n bir ba\u015fka yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 da laikli\u011fin hayata ge\u00e7irilmesinde g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Laiklikte, din ve mezhep ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 esast\u0131r, yani devlet her dine e\u015fit mesafede yakla\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu sebeple T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti&#8217;nin temel niteli\u011fi olarak laiklik, 5 \u015eubat 1937 y\u0131l\u0131nda anayasas\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmez h\u00fck\u00fcmleri aras\u0131na girdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><br><h4>T\u00fcrk Kanunu Medenisi\u2019nin kabul\u00fc<\/h4><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Medeni Kanun her ne kadar sadece modernle\u015fme yolunda at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ad\u0131m gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn yine e\u015fitlik\u00e7i yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n izlerini burada da g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. T\u00fcrk Kanunu Medenisi, \u0130svi\u00e7re Medeni Kanunu \u00f6rnek al\u0131narak haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ve 17 \u015eubat 1926&#8217;da TBMM&#8217;de kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Medeni kanunun kabul edilmesiyle ailede ve hukuki konularda kad\u0131n-erkek e\u015fitli\u011fi sa\u011fland\u0131, evlilikte resmi nik\u00e2h ve tek e\u015fle evlilik esas\u0131 getirildi. Kad\u0131nlara, meslek se\u00e7imi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tan\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><br><h4>Soyad\u0131 kanunu<\/h4><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Modernle\u015fmekten bahsetmi\u015fken soyad\u0131 kanunundan bahsetmemek olmaz. Her T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131na bir soyad\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131ma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc getiren kanun, 2 Ocak 1935\u2032te y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. Yasan\u0131n amac\u0131, o g\u00fcne kadar ki\u015filerin isimlerinin yan\u0131nda bir soyisim yerine dini, sosyal ve ailevi \u00fcnvanlar ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131n\u0131n yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 olumlu ya da olumsuz ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmak ve devlet i\u015flemlerinde ya\u015fanan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131 gidermekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><br><h4>T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu\u2019nun kurulmas\u0131<\/h4><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tdk.gov.tr\/tdk\/kurumsal\/tarihce-2\/#:~:text=T%C3%BCrk%20Dil%20Kurumu%2C%20T%C3%BCrk%20Dili,S%C3%A2hir%20ve%20Yakup%20Kadri&#039;dir.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu<\/a>,&nbsp;T\u00fcrk Dili Tetkik Cemiyeti&nbsp;ad\u0131yla 12 Temmuz 1932\u2019de Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn talimat\u0131yla kurulmu\u015ftur. Kurumun amac\u0131, \u201cT\u00fcrk dilinin \u00f6z g\u00fczelli\u011fini ve zenginli\u011fini meydana \u00e7\u0131karmak, onu yery\u00fcz\u00fc dilleri aras\u0131nda de\u011ferine yara\u015f\u0131r y\u00fcksekli\u011fe eri\u015ftirmek\u201d olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><br><h4>E\u011fitim reformu<\/h4><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Atat\u00fcrk, e\u011fitim sistemini d\u00fczenleyerek bug\u00fcnk\u00fc e\u011fitim sisteminin temellerini att\u0131. 2 Mart 1926 tarihinde T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de, ilkokul, lise ve y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretimin belli esaslara g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlenmesi i\u00e7in Maarif Te\u015fkilat\u0131 Kanunu kabul edildi. E\u011fitim dili T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak belirlendi. Ayn\u0131 reform ile ilk\u00f6\u011fretim zorunlu hale getirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><br><h4>Takvim, saat ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerde reform<\/h4><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn matematikteki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131; bu sebeple \u00e7ocuklu\u011funda matematik \u00f6\u011fretmeninin ona Kemal ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi hikayesini bilmeyenimiz yoktur. Hatta onu daha yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131yanlar, 1937 y\u0131l\u0131nda kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 geometri kitab\u0131n\u0131 da bilirler. Matematik ve fen bilimlerine ilgi duyan Atat\u00fcrk; takvim, saat ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerde de reform uygulamas\u0131na gitti ve uluslararas\u0131 birimleri benimsedi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Takvimler ne zaman 10 Kas\u0131m\u2018\u0131 g\u00f6sterse, i\u00e7imizi tarif etmesi zor bir h\u00fcz\u00fcn ve minnet sarar. 82 y\u0131l \u00f6nce bug\u00fcn, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ulu \u00f6nderi Atat\u00fcrk hayata g\u00f6zlerini yumdu. Bu 10 Kas\u0131m\u2019da da her y\u0131l oldu\u011fu gibi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131nda Atat\u00fcrk\u2018\u00fc sayg\u0131 ve minnetle an\u0131yoruz. Bug\u00fcn g\u00fcnlerden Atat\u00fcrk. Her 10 Kas\u0131m\u2019da ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z h\u00fczn\u00fcn yan\u0131nda, ona olan sayg\u0131m\u0131z [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28510,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1417,1412],"tags":[],"business_case_studies_tags":[],"class_list":["post-17518","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hikayeler","category-yurt-disinda-yasam"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/wpvip.tgalpha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/tr2-1.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpvip.tgalpha.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17518","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpvip.tgalpha.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpvip.tgalpha.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpvip.tgalpha.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpvip.tgalpha.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17518"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wpvip.tgalpha.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17518\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpvip.tgalpha.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28510"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpvip.tgalpha.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17518"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpvip.tgalpha.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17518"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpvip.tgalpha.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17518"},{"taxonomy":"business_case_studies_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpvip.tgalpha.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/business_case_studies_tags?post=17518"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}